Giovanni Battista Cipriani RA (1727–1785) was an Italian painter and engraver, and a founder member of the Royal Academy.

Cipriani studied in Florence and Rome, where he became acquainted with the architect Sir William Chambers, and the sculptor Joseph Wilton. Cipriani came to London with Wilton in 1755. Having gained a reputation for his paintings at the abbey of San Michele in Pelago, Pistoia, and the Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi in Florence, on arriving in London he found patronage with Lord Tilney, the Duke of Richmond, among other noblemen. Cipriani completed numerous prestigious architectural and decorative commissions, including painting part of a ceiling in Buckingham House, a ceiling at the Albany for Lord Holland, and decorations for the interior at Somerset House. Much of Cipriani's output was inspired by Classical subjects.

Cipriani was a founder member (1768) of the Royal Academy, and designed its diploma. Many of Cipriani's designs were engraved by his friend Francesco Bartolozzi. Cipriani was buried at Dovehouse Green, Chelsea, where Bartolozzi erected a monument to his memory. Among his pupils were John Alexander Gresse (1741–1794); Charles Grignion the Younger (1754–1804); and Mauritius Lowe (1746–1793).